Recently, the first private “unmanned factory” in Dongguan, Guangdong Province began to be put into construction, which marked the new stage of the “machine substitution” strategy. The reporter learned that the current employment gap in Dongguan has reached more than 100,000 people. The construction of “unmanned factories” will alleviate the phenomenon of labor shortage, and will also have a positive impact on China's robot industry.

"Unmanned factory" compression labor up to 90%

Recently, the reporter saw at the scene of the first “unmanned factory” branch project that it opened, and one robot was being installed and commissioned. It is understood that the first phase of the "unmanned factory" construction system that the company is advancing plans to invest 1000 unmanned robots. In the early stage, 100 robots took the lead in "job".

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According to the introduction, the product processing of manual CNC machine tools is often prone to safety problems, and the stability of product quality is also relatively poor. "In the context of the implementation of the "machine substitution" strategy in Dongguan, we are determined to set up intelligent unmanned The factory replaces labor by hardware manipulators, and then establishes a highly intelligent software control system for remote network control, which will greatly improve the efficiency and product quality of the factory.

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 "No-man factory" does not mean that there is no one at all, but it will compress the number of labor on a large scale, even reaching 90%. After the completion of the "smart factory", some software systems and mid- and back-office managers are still needed.

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In fact, since the Pearl River Delta Dongguan, Foshan and other cities have successively released the “machine substitution” strategic plan in 2014, under the incentive of special funds, the atmosphere of the transformation of industrial manufacturing enterprises into industrial robot intelligent equipment has become increasingly strong.

Taking Dongguan as an example, the municipal government has set up a special fund for “machine substitution” in Dongguan. Since 2014, it has invested 200 million yuan each year for a total of 600 million yuan for three consecutive years to support enterprises to implement “machine substitution”. 15% of the total equipment.

According to the person in charge of the Economic and Information Bureau of Dongguan City, Dongguan has promoted 505 “machine-for-human” applications in traditional industries and advantageous industries. The investment amount is 4.2 billion yuan, which can reduce the employment of more than 30,000 people. The investment cost of enterprises is expected to be high. Recovered within two years.

Can you alleviate the labor shortage?

In fact, the current increase in labor costs has determined the need for the implementation of the “machine substitution” strategy in Dongguan and other places.

With the rapid rise of labor costs in the Pearl River Delta, companies generally feel that there is a high pressure to survive. The chairman of the Dongguan Taiwan-funded Enterprise Association believes that although the initial industrial robots and other infrastructure investment is large, the companies with strong growth are expected to be in the market. The cost is recovered during the year, “it is more cost-effective than the uncertainty of the annual increase in labor costs by more than 20%.”

At the same time, "machine substitution" has raised doubts about whether it will increase factory layoffs and employee unemployment.

The reporter's field investigation found that taking Dongguan as an example, the phenomenon of “labor shortage” and “difficulties in recruiting workers” is very common, showing the current situation of insufficient labor force rather than surplus labor.

In Houjie Town, Dongguan, the reporter saw that the recruitment advertisements of enterprises can be seen everywhere. Enterprises generally reflect that it is more difficult to recruit people than in previous years.

"The reduction in employment does exist. The number of people applying for this year is about 20% less than last year. At present, the employment gap in Houjie Town has reached 14,000. According to the data of the Guangdong Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Affairs, Dongguan is currently The employment gap in the city is as high as 100,000. In view of this, the more than 30,000 people who have replaced the machine substitution strategy in Dongguan are still far from being able to make up for the gap in employment.

Stimulate the development of domestic robot industry

For some enterprises, the investment in machinery and equipment of hundreds of millions of yuan has made the enterprise 'pressure mountain big', and the subsidy fund of the government 'machine substitution' has the positive role of policy guidance, while the 15% maximum subsidy ratio is also to a certain extent. It reduces the anxiety of enterprises in their investment and reduces their burden.

Many industry insiders believe that in the critical period of the transformation of manufacturing enterprises in the Pearl River Delta region, "the machine substitution" strategy has made the enterprise "consume a reassurance" and has important guiding significance.

While the market demand has increased substantially, industry insiders predict that the domestic robot industry will also usher in a golden period of rapid growth.

International Federation of Robotics (IFR) statistics show that in the industrial robot market in China last year, Swiss companies such as ABB, Germany, Kuka, Yaskawa and Fanuc accounted for more than 70% of the market share. Self-owned brands such as victor and well account for only 30% of the market.

Dr. Huang Yanghua, assistant researcher of the Industrial Development Research Office of the Institute of Industrial Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, believes that with the implementation of the strategy of “machine substitution”, China’s robot market will rapidly develop to the trillion level, and “cakes will become bigger” Will stimulate more market players to enter this industry.

With the increasing labor shortage in some areas, the demand for robots will gradually increase, which will force robot scientific research technology to achieve more breakthroughs and more localization.

In March 2015, the Guangdong Provincial Government issued the “Three-Year Action Plan for the Industrial Transformation and Upgrading in Guangdong Province (2015-2017)” (hereinafter referred to as the “Plan”), which indicates that Guangdong has ushered in a comprehensive promotion of the “machine substitution” strategy. stage.

According to the "plan", by the end of 2017, we will strive to introduce 20,000 industrial enterprises in Guangdong Province over the past three years, and more than 50% of industrial enterprises above designated size will complete a new round of technological transformation; in the three years, they will complete an investment of 943 billion yuan in industrial technology transformation. By the end of 2017, 10 smart manufacturing industry bases with great influence in the country were initially built, and two domestic leading robot manufacturing industry bases were built, and 1950 industrial enterprises above designated size were promoted to “machine substitution”.

"With the substitution of machines, China's robot industry will develop rapidly, and the era of 'China's wisdom-making' is coming."

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